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Escherichia coli  strains are generally sensitive to hydrophobic organic solvents such as  n -hexane and cyclohexane. Oxidative stress in  E .  coli  by exposure to these hydrophobic organic solvents has been poorly understood. In the present study, we examined organic solvent tolerance and oxygen radical generation in  E. coli  mutants deficient in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging enzymes. The organic solvent tolerances in single gene mutants lacking genes encoding superoxide dismutase ( sodA ,  sodB , and  sodC ), catalase ( katE  and  katG ), and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase ( ahpCF ) were similar to that of parent strain BW25113. We constructed a BW25113-based  katE katG  double mutant (BW25113∆ katE ∆ katG ) and  sodA sodB  double mutant (BW25113 sodA ∆ sodB ). These double-gene mutants were more sensitive to hydrophobic organic solvents than BW25113. In addition, the intracellular ROS levels in  E .  coli  strains increased by the addition of  n -hexane or cyclohexane. The ROS levels in BW25113∆ katE ∆ katG  and BW25113∆ sodA ∆ sodB  induced by exposure to the solvents were higher than that in BW25113. These results suggested that ROS-scavenging enzymes contribute to the maintenance of organic solvent tolerance in  E. coli . In addition, the promoter activities of  sodA  and  sodB  were significantly increased by exposure to  n -hexane.   Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13568-021-01258-w.

Involvement of catalase and superoxide dismutase in hydrophobic organic solvent tolerance of Escherichia coli