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In this study, a pot experiment was carried out in greenhouse to investigate the potentials of  Xerocomus badius  and  Serendipita indica  to penetrate and colonize roots of ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum  Lam.) and to induce beneficial effects on seed germination and seedling growth. The results showed that  X. badius  and  S. indica  successfully colonized in the root system of  L. multiflorum  seedlings and the root colonization rate was 72.65% and 88.42%, respectively. By microscopy, the hyphae, chlamydospores and spores produced by  S. indica  were observed in roots cortex of  L. multiflorum  seedlings. In comparison with the non-inoculated seedlings, seedlings inoculated with  X. badius  and  S. indica  showed significant increase in growth parameters with plant height, basal diameter, biomass accumulation, relative growth rate, leaf relative water content and chlorophyll content. Also, we found that seedlings inoculated with  S. indica  exhibited a greater growth-promotion as compared with  X. badius -inoculated seedlings. No significant influence of the two fungus application has been observed with respect to seed germination. It suggested that well establishments of mutualistic symbiosis between  L. multiflorum  and  X. badius  or  S. indica  were not so essential to seed germination but contributed highly to the survival and growth of the seedlings.

Growth improvement of Lolium multiflorum Lam. induced by seed inoculation with fungus suspension of Xerocomus badius and Serendipita indica