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Caseous lymphadenitis (LC) is a chronic contagious disease caused by  Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis , which mainly affects goats and sheep. Vaccination is an effective but not yet well-established method, partly due to a lack of knowledge surrounding the most effective immunoprotective components. The present study aimed to quantify and compare the in vivo expression of genes  pld  (phospholipase D),  cpp  (CP40),  nanH  (neuraminidase H),  sodC  (superoxide dismutase C) and  spaC  (adhesin) using qRT-PCR, with the respective expression in vitro. Caseous material of abscesses removed from five animals was cultured, with colonies suggestive of  C. pseudotuberculosis  identified. RNA extraction was performed on these samples, as well as on the respective pellets derived from liquid cultures brain heart infusion. After evaluating RNA integrity, complementary DNA was synthesized, followed by the relative quantification each of the genes of interest. Mean mRNA expression of the five genes found in abscesses and in cultures differed significantly, with respective values of:  nanH  811.50 ± 198.27 and 359.35 ± 75.45 (p = 0.009);  cpp  856.31 ± 385.11 and 154.54 ± 94.34 (p = 0.0039);  plD  922.70 ± 450.73 and 212.41 ± 153.10 (p = 0.016);  sodC  1,293.53 ± 564.75 and 223.63 ± 145.58 (p = 0.016);  spaC  1,157.10 ± 525.13 and 214.26 ± 125.70 (p = 0,016). Expression was observed to be 6–8 times higher in abscesses than in cultures, Indicative that is a genetic expression of the in vitro bacterium exists, yet in vivo has a greater magnitude corroborating to one of these virulence factors in the pathogenesis of LC.   Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s13568-018-0598-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

In vivo and in vitro expression of five genes involved in Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis virulence