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Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are a common cause of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle. The CNS inhabit various ecological habitats, ranging between the environment and the host. In order to obtain a better insight into the host response, an experimental infection was carried out in eight healthy heifers in mid-lactation with three different CNS strains: a  Staphylococcus fleurettii  strain originating from sawdust bedding, an intramammary  Staphylococcus chromogenes  strain originating from a persistent intramammary infection ( S. chromogenes  IM) and a  S. chromogenes  strain isolated from a heifer’s teat apex ( S. chromogenes  TA). Each heifer was inoculated in the mammary gland with 1.0 × 10 6  colony forming units of each bacterial strain (one strain per udder quarter), whereas the remaining quarter was infused with phosphate-buffered saline. Overall, the CNS evoked a mild local host response. The somatic cell count increased in all  S. fleurettii -inoculated quarters, although the strain was eliminated within 12 h. The two  S. chromogenes  strains were shed in larger numbers for a longer period. Bacterial and somatic cell counts, as well as neutrophil responses, were higher after inoculation with  S. chromogenes  IM than with  S. chromogenes  TA. In conclusion, these results suggest that  S. chromogenes  might be better adapted to the mammary gland than  S. fleurettii . Furthermore, not all  S. chromogenes  strains induce the same local host response.

veterinary research

Local host response following an intramammary challenge with Staphylococcus fleurettii and different strains of Staphylococcus chromogenes in dairy heifers