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Background  [ 11 C]- l -deprenyl-D 2  is a positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand for measurement of the monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) activity in vivo brain. The estimation of the test-retest reproducibility is important for accurate interpretation of PET studies.    Results  We performed two [ 11 C]- l -deprenyl-D 2  scans for six healthy subjects and evaluated the test-retest variability of this radioligand. MAO-B binding was quantified by two tissue compartment model (2TCM) with three rate constants ( K   1 ,  k   2 ,  k   3 ) using metabolite-corrected plasma radioactivity. The  λk   3  defined as ( K   1 / k   2 ) ×  k   3  was also calculated. The correlation between MAO-B binding and age, and the effect of partial volume effect correction (PVEc) for the reproducibility were also estimated. %difference of  k   3  was 2.6% (medial frontal cortex) to 10.3% (hippocampus), and that of  λk   3  was 5.0% (thalamus) to 9.2% (cerebellum). Mean %difference of all regions were 5.3 and 7.0% in  k   3  and  λk   3 , respectively. All regions showed below 10% variabilities except the hippocampus in  k   3  (10.3%). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of  k   3  was 0.78 (hippocampus) to 0.98 (medial frontal cortex), and that of  λk   3  was 0.78 (hippocampus) to 0.95 (thalamus). Mean ICC were 0.94 and 0.89 in  k   3  and  λk   3 , respectively. The highest positive correlation with age was observed in the hippocampus, as  r  = 0.75 in  k   3  and 0.76 in  λk   3 . After PVEc, mean %difference were 5.6 and 7.2% in  k   3  and  λk   3 , respectively. Mean ICC were 0.92 and 0.90 for  k   3  and  λk   3 , respectively. These values were almost the same as those before PVEc.    Conclusions  The present results indicate that  k   3  and  λk   3  of [ 11 C]- l -deprenyl-D 2  are reliable parameters for test-retest reproducibility with healthy subjects both before and after PVEc. The studies with patients of larger sample size are required for further clinical applications.

Test-retest reproducibility of [11C]-l-deprenyl-D2 binding to MAO-B in the human brain