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Background  Fruits of  Vitis vinifera  L., commonly known as grapes, are largely consumed worldwide because of their high nutritional and medicinal benefits.    Context and purpose  The present study investigated effects of  V. vinifera  fruits in ovalbumin-induced animal model of bronchial asthma.    Methods  Male wistar rats (except group 1) were sensitized with allergen (ovalbumin, 40 mg/rat + aluminum hydroxide, 2 mg/rat). Groups of sensitized animals were treated orally with either vehicle (0.4 mL/kg), standard dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg) or alcoholic extract of  V. vinifera  dried fruits (31 and 42.5 mg/kg) from day 1 to 28 ( n  = 6 for all groups). Inflammatory markers including cell counts, cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor, immunoglobulin E (IgE), leukotrienes and nitrite levels in both blood/serum and bronchoalveolar fluid were analysed. Breathing rate and tidal volume as lung function parameters were examined by spirometer. Lung tissues were studied for histamine content and histopathology.    Results  Treatment of sensitized animals with dexamethasone or two doses of  V. vinifera  fruits extract inhibited recruitment of inflammatory cytokines, IgE, nitrites and circulating cells particularly eosinophils in blood/serum and bronchoalveolar fluid ( p  < 0.001,  p  < 0.01 and  p  < 0.05). Dexamethasone and  V. vinifera  fruits extract treatment also normalized lung functions and histamine levels compared to ovalbumin-sensitized controls ( p  < 0.05 and  p  < 0.01). Moreover, both drugs exhibited protection against airway inflammation in lung histology.    Conclusion  Results of study demonstrate the effectiveness of  V. vinifera  fruits in allergic asthma possibly related to its ability to inhibit cellular response and subsequent production of inflammatory cytokines.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13223-016-0145-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Investigation of anti-asthmatic potential of dried fruits of Vitis vinifera L. in animal model of bronchial asthma