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Background  Results from recent clinical studies suggest that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers that are indicative of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) can be replicated in blood, e.g. amyloid-beta peptides (Aβ 42  and Aβ 40 ) and neurofilament light chain (NFL). Such data proposes that blood is a rich source of potential biomarkers reflecting central nervous system pathophysiology and should be fully explored for biomarkers that show promise in CSF. Recently, soluble fragments of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) protein in CSF have been reported to be increased in prodromal AD and also in individuals with  TREM2  rare genetic variants that increase the likelihood of developing dementia.    Methods  In this study, we measured the levels of plasma sTREM2 and plasma NFL using the MesoScale Discovery and single molecule array platforms, respectively, in 48 confirmed  TREM2  rare variant carriers and 49 non-carriers.    Results  Our results indicate that there are no changes in plasma sTREM2 and NFL concentrations between  TREM2  rare variant carriers and non-carriers. Furthermore, plasma sTREM2 is not different between healthy controls, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD.    Conclusion  Concentrations of plasma sTREM2 do not mimic the recent changes found in CSF sTREM2.

Plasma levels of soluble TREM2 and neurofilament light chain in TREM2 rare variant carriers