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Objective   Papaver decaisnei  Hochst. & Steud. Ex Elkan and  Papaver glaucum  Boiss. & Hausskn. growing wild in Northern Iraq have been historically used for medicinal purposes. In this study, both species were evaluated for their alkaloid content and antimicrobial activities.    Results  Alkaloids were extracted and isolated by preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Identification was carried out by comparing spectral data (UV and  1 H-NMR) and TLC Rf values with those of authentic samples. Two alkaloids, proapaorphine-type mecambrine and aporphine-type roemerine were isolated from  P. decaisnei . Two benzylisoquinoline type alkaloids papaverine (major alkaloid) and palaudine as well as aporphine-type  N -methylasimilobine have been obtained in  P. glaucum . Both  P. glaucum  and  P. decaisnei  extracts revealed strong antimicrobial activity on  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  ATCC 27853 and  Enterococcus faecalis  ATCC 29212. Collectively these results indicate that  P. glaucum  and  P. decaisnei  are promising sources of alkaloids that could further be investigated for medicinal purposes.    Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-021-05762-x.

Alkaloid profiling and antimicrobial activities of Papaver glaucum and P. decaisnei