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Objective  Several studies reported that infection of extended-spectrum β lactamase (ESBL)-producing  Escherichia coli  ( E. coli ) or  Klebsiella pneumoniae  ( K. pneumoniae ) contributed to higher mortality rates but others found it was not associated with mortality. A prospective cohort study which involved 72 patients was conducted to assess the risk of mortality of bloodstream infection due to ESBL-producing  K. pneumoniae  or  E. coli  as compared to those infected by either  K. pneumoniae  or  E. coli  which not produce ESBL.    Result  Mortality in the group of patients infected with ESBL-producing bacteria was 30.6%, whereas in another group which was infected with non ESBL-producing bacteria was 22.2% ( p  = 0.59). Kaplan–Meier’s analysis showed that the survival rate during 14-days follow-up among these two group was not significantly different ( p  = 0.45) with hazard ratio 1.41 (95% CI  0.568–3.51). Stratification analysis found that adult and elderly patients, patients with sign of leukocytosis, and patients treated with carbapenem were modifier effect variables.

bmc research notes

Mortality risk of bloodstream infection caused by either Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase: a prospective cohort study