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Objective  The present study aimed to determine the phenotypic and genotypic profile of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B (MLS B ) resistance in clinical isolates of staphylococci.    Results  This cross-sectional study was conducted on 164 non-duplicated staphylococci isolates collected during August 2015 to February 2016 from two tertiary care hospitals in Shiraz, southwest of Iran. Of the 164 isolates, 86 erythromycin-resistant isolates consist of 35  Staphylococcus aureus  and 51 coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) were included in the study. Of the 35  S. aureus , the prevalence of cMLS (constitutive), iMLS (inducible), and MS phenotypes were found 82.9%, 8.6% and 8.6%, respectively. Among 51 CoNS, the frequencies of cMLS, iMLS, and MS phenotypes were detected 66.7%, 11.8% and 21.6%, respectively. Among  S. aureus  isolates, the predominant genes were  ermC  in 82.9% isolates, followed by  ermA  in 57.1% and  msrA  in 28.6% of isolates. Among CoNS isolates, the most frequent genes were diagnosed  ermC  in 70.6% isolates followed by  msrA  in 68.6% and  ermA  in 11.8% of isolates. In conclusion, regarding the presence of MLS B  resistance in our region, diagnosis of this resistance type on a routine basis in staphylococcal clinical isolates is of particular importance.

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Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B resistance among clinical isolates of staphylococci in southwest of Iran