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Objective   Staphylococcus aureus  is a commonly reported cause of buffalo mastitis. However, its prevalence may be overestimated. The aim of this study was to compare  S. aureus  identification by conventional phenotypic and genotypic assays versus Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and novel real-time quantitative PCR tests for the cytochrome oxidase subunit D II  (cyd B) and staphylocoagulase ( coa ) genes.    Results  From 408 samples obtained from buffalo milk/milking environment, 32 putative  S. aureus  strains were identified based on characteristic growth on Baird Parker agar, positive catalase reaction, ability to clot rabbit plasma, and positive Sa442 PCR assay. However, in further testing, only 10 of these strains were positive in latex agglutination tests and by MALDI-TOF MS, only eight of the 32 strains were  S. aureus  while the rest were  S. chromogenes  (19),  S. agnetis  (3),  S. cohnii  (1), or  S. xylosus  (1). All eight strains identified as  S. aureus  by MALDI-TOF analysis and confirmed by 16S RNA gene sequencing were positive in a  S. aureus -specific  cydB  PCR test. As well, 7/8  S. aureus  strains were PCR positive in a real-time  coa  PCR test as were 2/69  S. chromogenes  and the lone  S. xylosus  strain tested.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-018-3449-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Some coagulase negative Staphylococcus spp. isolated from buffalo can be misidentified as Staphylococcus aureus by phenotypic and Sa442 PCR methods