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Background  The development of portable steam generators has made disinfection of the environment more practical. This study assessed the “in vitro” ability of an overheated dry-saturated steam vapour system to kill multidrug and extensively-drug resistant nosocomial pathogens, defining the antimicrobial spectrum and the contact times compared with the activity of sodium hypochlorite.    Methods  The antibacterial efficacy of the overheated dry-saturated steam vapour system and of sodium hypochlorite against nosocomial pathogen isolates: extensively drug-resistant  Acinetobacter baumannii ,  Pseudomonas aeruginosa , carbapenemase-producing  Klebsiella pneumoniae , methicillin-resistant  Staphylococcus aureus , high-level aminoglycoside-resistant  Enterococcus faecalis ,  Candida parapsilosis  and  Aspergillus fumigatus  were assessed using a surface time-kill test carried out on glass surfaces, with or without bovine serum albumin (BSA).    Results  The bactericidal activity of the overheated dry-saturated steam vapour system was observed at 180 °C after 5 min contact with or without BSA, using an initial inoculum of 10 9  CFU/mL. To reduce  C. parapsilosis  and  A. fumigatus  counts (from 10 7  CFU/mL), a longer contact time was necessary (7 min). In vitro tests with sodium hypochlorite at 5 % in the absence of an organic substance also resulted in an overall reduction in bacterial counts (from 10 9  CFU/mL) after 5 min of treatment. For mycotic challenge (10 7  CFU/mL), a longer contact time was necessary (7 min). In the presence of an organic substance, after 5 min, the hypochlorite reduced the viable count from 10 9  to 10 5  CFU/mL for all bacterial strains except  E. faecalis  that showed a reduction of 2 log units (10 9  to 10 7  CFU/mL). For  C. parapsilosis  and  A. fumigatus , a 2 log unit reduction was observed after 7 min.    Conclusions  Steam disinfection of environmental surfaces using a portable steam generator is a practical and effective method that is not affected by the presence of organic matter.

bmc research notes

Effect of treatment with an overheated dry-saturated steam vapour disinfection system on multidrug and extensively drug-resistant nosocomial pathogens and comparison with sodium hypochlorite activity