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Background    Campylobacter  species are the major food-borne pathogens which could cause bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. Contaminated chicken products have been recognized as the primary vehicles of  Campylobacter  transmission to human beings. In this study, the prevalence of  Campylobacter  in retail chicken meat in Central China was investigated, and the isolates were further characterized using molecular approaches and tested for antibiotic resistance.    Results  A total of 302 chicken samples purchased from April 2014 to April 2015 were tested. The level of  Campylobacter  contamination was enumerated by most probable number-PCR (MPN-PCR). The  Campylobacter  positive rate was 17.2% (52/302), with bacterial count varying from 3.6 to 360 MPN/g in positive samples. A total of 52  Campylobacter  strains, including 40  Campylobacter jejuni  and 12  Campylobacter coli , were isolated from the positive samples. To examine the genetic diversity of the isolates, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) technology was applied, which identified 23 sequence types (STs) belonging to seven clonal complexes (CCs) and unassigned. Among them, the dominant CCs of  C. jejuni  included CC-353 and CC-464, and the dominant CCs of  C. coli  were CC-828 and CC-1150. Antibiotic resistance analysis showed that all of the isolates were resistant to norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin. 23 virulence-associated genes were tested in the isolates, which showed that the number of virulence-associated genes detected in the  C. jejuni  isolates ranged from 16 to 21, while in most of the  C. coli  isolates ranged from 12 to 16. Virulence-associated genes,  flaA ,  flgB ,  flgE2 ,  fliM ,  fliY  and  cadF  were detected in all isolates. V irB11 , however, was not detected in any of the isolates.    Conclusions  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the contamination level and molecular biological features of  Campylobacter  strains in retail chicken meat in Central China, which showed high genetic diversity and remarkable antibiotic resistance. This study provided scientific data for the risk assessment and evaluation of  Campylobacter  contamination in retail chicken products.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13099-016-0132-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Molecular epidemiology, virulence determinants and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spreading in retail chicken meat in Central China