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Macrobrachium rosenbergii  is well-known as the giant freshwater prawn, and is a commercially significant source of seafood. Its production can be affected by various bacterial contaminations. Among which, the genus  Vibrio  shows a higher prevalence in aquatic organisms, especially  M. rosenbergii , causing food-borne illnesses.  Vibrio parahaemolyticus , a species of  Vibrio  is reported as the main causative of the early mortality syndrome.  Vibrio parahaemolyticus  infection in  M. rosenbergii  was studied previously in relation to the prawn’s differentially expressed immune genes. In the current review, we will discuss the growth conditions for both  V. parahaemolyticus  and  M. rosenbergii  and highlight the role of magnesium in common, which need to be fully understood. Till date, there has not been much research on this aspect of magnesium. We postulate a model that screens a magnesium-dependent pathway which probably might take effect in connection with  N -acetylglucosamine binding protein and chitin from  V. parahaemolyticus  and  M. rosenbergii , respectively. Further studies on magnesium as an environment for  V. parahaemolyticus  and  M. rosenbergii  interaction studies will provide seafood industry with completely new strategies to employ and to avoid seafood related contaminations.   Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13099-016-0097-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Host, pathogen and the environment: the case of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and magnesium