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Background  The role of serum fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) in arteriosclerosis is not well known. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether serum FGF19 levels were related to arteriosclerosis parameters, including arterial stiffness and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).    Methods  A total of 200 patients with type 2 diabetes and 50 healthy controls were recruited for this study from Apr 2017 to Oct 2018. Serum FGF19 levels, arterial stiffness assessed by brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and AIP assessed by the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-c) ratio were measured in those subjects. In addition, other relevant clinical data were also collected.    Results  Serum FGF19 levels in T2D patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls ( p  < 0.05). The arteriosclerosis parameters, including baPWV and AIP, significantly decreased across ascending tertiles of serum FGF19 levels (all  p for trend  < 0.001). Moreover, the baPWV and AIP were all inversely correlated with serum FGF19 levels ( r  = − 0.351 and − 0.303, respectively,  p  < 0.001). Furthermore, after adjusting for other clinical covariates by multiple linear regression analyses, the serum FGF19 levels were independently associated with baPWV ( β  = − 0.20,  t  = − 2.23,  p  = 0.029) and AIP ( β  = − 0.28,  t  = − 2.66,  p  = 0.010).    Conclusions  The serum FGF19 levels were independently and inversely associated with baPWV and AIP, which indicate that serum FGF19 may have a protective role in atherosclerosis in patients with T2D.

diabetology and metabolic syndrome

Association of serum fibroblast growth factor 19 levels with arteriosclerosis parameters assessed by arterial stiffness and atherogenic index of plasma in patients with type 2 diabetes