English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background The primary disease vectors for dengue virus (DENV) transmission between humans are the mosquitoes  Aedes aegypti  and  Aedes albopictus , with  Ae. aegypti  population size strongly correlated with DENV outbreaks. When a mosquito is infected with DENV, the virus migrates from the midgut to the salivary glands to complete the transmission cycle. How the virus crosses the hemocoel, resulting in systemic infection, is still unclear however. During viral infection and migration, the innate immune system is activated in defense. As part of cellular-mediated immunity, hemocytes are known to defend against bacteria and  Plasmodium  infection and may also participate in defending against DENV infection. Hemocytes are categorized into three cell types: prohemocytes, granulocytes, and oenocytoids. Here, we investigated which hemocytes can be infected by DENV and compare hemocyte infection between  Ae. aegypti  and  Ae. albopictus . Methods Hemocytes were collected from  Ae. aegypti  and  Ae. albopictus  mosquitoes that were intrathoracically infected with DENV2-GFP. The collected hemocytes were then identified via Giemsa staining and examined microscopically for morphological differences and viral infection. Results All three types of hemocytes were infected by DENV, though the predominantly infected cell type was prohemocytes. In  Ae. aegypti , the highest and lowest infection rates at 7 days post infection occurred in prohemocytes and granulocytes, respectively. Prohemocytes were also the primary infection target of DENV in  Ae. albopictus , with similar infection rates across the other two hemocyte groups. The ratios of hemocyte composition did not differ significantly between non-infected and infected mosquitoes for either species. Conclusions In this study, we showed that prohemocytes were the major type of hemocyte infected by DENV in both  Ae. aegypti  and  Ae. albopictus . The infection rate of prohemocytes in  Ae. albopictus  was lower than that in  Ae. aegypti , which may explain why systemic DENV infection in  Ae. albopictus  is less efficient than in  Ae. aegypti  and why  Ae. albopictus  is less correlated to dengue fever outbreaks. Future work in understanding the mechanisms behind these phenomena may help reduce arbovirus infection prevalence. Graphical Abstract

Prohemocytes are the main cells infected by dengue virus in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus