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Background  Sugar feeding is a fundamental behaviour of many mosquito species. For  Aedes albopictus , an important vector of dengue virus and chikungunya virus, little is known about its sugar-feeding behaviour, and no studies have been conducted on this in the southern hemisphere. This knowledge is pivotal for determining the potential of attractive targeted sugar baits (ATSBs) to control this important vector.    Methods  The prevalence of sugar was assessed in 1808  Ae. albopictus  from Masig Island, Torres Strait, Australia collected between 13 and 25 March 2020. Fructose presence and content in field-collected  Ae. albopictus  were quantified using the cold anthrone assay.    Results  Significantly more male (35.8%) than female (28.4%)  Ae. albopictus  were sugar fed. There was a significant interaction between sex and time of day on the probability of capturing sugar-fed  Ae. albopictus . For both sexes, fructose prevalence and content were higher in mosquitoes caught in the morning than in the afternoon. Female  Ae. albopictus  collected in the residential habitat were significantly more likely to be sugar fed than those collected in the woodland habitat.    Conclusions  These findings provide baseline information about the sugar-feeding patterns of  Ae. albopictus  and provide essential information to enable an assessment of the potential of ATSBs for vector suppression and control on Masig Island, with relevance to other locations where this species occurs.    Graphical abstractSupplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-021-05020-w.

Sugar prevalence in Aedes albopictus differs by habitat, sex and time of day on Masig Island, Torres Strait, Australia