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Background  The yellow fever mosquito,  Aedes aegypti  is a public health concern in the USA, especially in the wake of emergent diseases such as Zika and chikungunya.  Aedes aegypti  populations dwindled after the invasion of  Aedes albopictus  in the 1980s and many populations were extirpated. However, in some areas  Ae. aegypti  persisted in small populations and there are reports of recent resurgences of  Ae. aegypti  in Florida, Louisiana, Nevada and California. We assessed the population genetic structure of  Ae. aegypti  in Florida and Georgia, which has concomitant consequences related to mosquito dispersal, pesticide resistance and vectorial capacity.    Methods  We collected  Ae. aegypti  across Florida and in Georgia using ovitraps. We hatched the eggs and reared them to adults, and after sacrifice we extracted their DNA. We then probed each individual for variation in 6 microsatellite markers, which we used to address population genetic characteristics.    Results  We collected  Ae. aegypti  and genotyped seven Florida populations and one Georgia population using microsatellite markers. We found evidence of isolation by distance model of gene flow supported by driving distance among cities within Florida and two theoretic genetic clusters.    Conclusions  Significant genetic structure between some populations with substantial gene flow between geographically distant cities suggests regional genetic structuring of  Ae. aegypti  in Florida. This study provides information on the genetic exchange between populations of  Ae. aegypti  in the southeastern USA and suggests potential routes of spread of this species.

Patterns of genetic divergence among populations of Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) in the southeastern USA