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Background  The monogenean  Benedenia seriolae  parasitizes fishes belonging to the genus  Seriola , represents a species complex, and causes substantial impact on fish welfare in aquaculture systems worldwide. This study reports, for the first time, the complete mitochondrial genome of  B. humboldti  n. sp., a new cryptic species from the South-East Pacific (SEP).    Methods  The mitogenome of  B. humboldti  n. sp. was assembled from short Illumina 150 bp pair-end reads. The phylogenetic position of  B. humboldti  n. sp. among other closely related congeneric and confamiliar capsalids was examined using mitochondrial protein-coding genes (PCGs). Morphology of  B. humboldti  n. sp. was examined based on fixed and stained specimens.    Results  The AT-rich mitochondrial genome of  B. humboldti  is 13,455 bp in length and comprises 12 PCGs ( atp 8 was absent as in other monogenean genomes), 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 22 transfer RNA genes. All protein-coding, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes are encoded on the H-strand. The gene order observed in the mitochondrial genome of  B. humboldti  n. sp. was identical to that of  B. seriolae  from Japan but different from that of  B. seriolae  from Australia. The genetic distance between  B. humboldti  n. sp. and  B. seriolae  from Japan was high. Minor but reliable differences in the shape of the penis were observed between  Benedenia humboldti  n. sp. and congeneric species.    Conclusions  Phylogenetic analyses based on PCGs in association with differences in the shape of the penis permitted us to conclude that the material from the South-East Pacific represents a new species of  Benedenia  infecting  S. lalandi  off the coast of Chile. The discovery of this parasite represents the first step to improving our understanding of infestation dynamics and to develop control strategies for this pathogen infecting the farmed yellowtail kingfish,  Seriola lalandi , in the South-East Pacific.

parasites and vectors

The complete mitochondrial genome and description of a new cryptic species of Benedenia Diesing, 1858 (Monogenea: Capsalidae), a major pathogen infecting the yellowtail kingfish Seriola lalandi Valenciennes in the South-East Pacific