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Background   Aedes japonicus  is an invasive vector mosquito from Southeast Asia which has been spreading across central Europe since the year 2000. Unlike the Asian Tiger mosquito ( Aedes albopictus ) present in Spain since 2004, there has been no record of  Ae. japonicus  in the country until now.    Results  Here, we report the first detection of  Ae. japonicus  in Spain, at its southernmost location in Europe. This finding was triggered by the citizen science platform Mosquito Alert. In June 2018, a citizen sent a report  via  the Mosquito Alert app from the municipality of Siero in the Asturias region (NW Spain) containing pictures of a female mosquito compatible with  Ae. japonicus . Further information was requested from the participant, who subsequently provided several larvae and adults that could be classified as  Ae. japonicus . In July, a field mission confirmed its presence at the original site and in several locations up to 9 km away, suggesting a long-time establishment. The strong media impact in Asturias derived from the discovery raised local participation in the Mosquito Alert project, resulting in further evidence from surrounding areas.    Conclusions  Whilst in the laboratory  Ae. japonicus  is a competent vector for several mosquito-borne pathogens, to date only West Nile virus is a concern based on field evidence. Nonetheless, this virus has yet not been detected in Asturias so the vectorial risk is currently considered low. The opportunity and effectiveness of combining citizen-sourced data to traditional surveillance methods are discussed.

First detection of Aedes japonicus in Spain: an unexpected finding triggered by citizen science