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Effective tick and flea control for pets is essential around the world for the health of companion animals, to limit zoonotic risk and to maintain a strong human-animal bond. Minimising pet exposure to ticks and preventing household infestations of fleas helps to prevent not only dermatitis and irritation but also vector-borne pathogen transmission to pets and people alike. A strong bond between owners and their pets has also been demonstrated to be beneficial to physical and psychological human health [1]. This bond is eroded by the presence of visible infestations and the feeling of revulsion they convey is reason enough for many owners to want to avoid infestation on their pets. Both the Companion Animal Parasite Council (capcvet.org) and the European Scientific Counsel Companion Animal Parasites (esccap.org) view tick and flea control as vital to maximise these benefits and reduce pathogen transmission. To achieve effective tick and flea control, highly efficacious adulticide products are required. Not only must these products eliminate ticks and fleas on the pet quickly, but they must also be easy to administer and affordable to the client, otherwise compliance will be lost. This is especially true in cats, where administration of treatment can be particularly challenging. Adverse behavioural and physiological reactions by cats to treatment administration can deter owners from treating them if other treatment modalities are then not available. Just as the introduction of fipronil gave hope of safe flea control on dogs and cats, the development of modern tick and flea control products have brought increased flexibility and tick efficacy to the market. This is much needed at a time when flea challenge is increasing in most countries and climate change and increased movements of pets and people is fuelling increased distribution of ticks [2, 3]. The isoxazolines are highly efficacious novel ectoparasiticdes which form an important part of the arsenal that veterinary professionals have at their disposal to meet these challenges. Lotilaner, the novel isoxazline described in this article collection, provides a new tick and flea control option for cats which is not only highly efficacious, but also represents the first effective oral tick treatment product for cats. This article collection contains a collection of papers evaluating the efficacy, safety and pharmaco-kinetics of lotilaner in cats. Elanco developed this drug as a highly efficacious and easy to administer solution to tick and flea infestations. The pharmacokinetic and safety studies described document that lotilaner is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and was not associated with any adverse side effects seen at rates above control groups, even at 5 times the maximum recommended dose [4]. The excellent oral safety profile of lotilaner is unique and especially important in cats, which are particularly susceptible to the toxic effects of certain ectoparasiticide drug classes such as pyrethroids and organophosphates [5]. The cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis, remains the predominant flea infesting cats worldwide and continues to infest homes, bringing misery to both pets and owners [2, 3]. Controlling infestations in as fast as possible time depends on a range of measures including effective treatment of the environment [3]. The most essential element in flea control, however, is treatment of all susceptible pets in a household frequently enough with an efficacious product to ensure flea egg production is halted. The experimental flea infestation studies in this article collection demonstrate that lotilaner begins killing fleas as as early as 8 hours post-administration and at 8 hours after subsequent weekly infestations of adult C. felis for at least 1 month [6]. The fast and sustained speed of kill of lotilaner is consistent with pharmacokinetic data in this article collection, showing that, following oral administration in fed cats, it is readily absorbed, with peak blood concentrations reached within 4 hours and a half-life of over 4 weeks [7]. Such rapid speed of kill not only results in breaking the flea life-cycle but also rapidly reduces flea biting which is Correspondence: hammondia@hotmail.com The Mount Veterinary Practice, 1 Harris Str., Fleetwood Lancs FY7 6QX, UK

Lotilaner - a novel formulation for cats provides systemic tick and flea control