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Background  In Burkina Faso, malaria remains the overall leading cause of morbidity and mortality accounting for 35.12% of consultations, 40.83% of hospitalizations and 37.5% of deaths. Genotyping of malaria parasite populations remains an important tool to determine the types and number of parasite clones in an infection. The present study aimed to evaluate the merozoite surface protein 1 ( msp1 ) and merozoite surface protein 2 ( msp2 ) genetic diversity and allele frequencies in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.    Method  Dried blood spots (DBS) were collected at baseline from patients with uncomplicated malaria in urban health centers in Bobo-Dioulasso. Parasite DNA was extracted using chelex-100 and species were identified using nested PCR.  Plamodium falciparum msp1  and  msp2  genes were amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR products were analyzed by electrophoresis on a 2.5% agarose gel. Alleles were categorized according to their molecular weight.    Results  A total of 228 blood samples were analyzed out of which 227 (99.9%) were confirmed as  P. falciparum- positive and one sample classified as mixed infection for  P. malaria  and  P. falciparum.  In  msp1 , the K1 allelic family was predominant with 77.4% (162/209) followed respectively by the MAD20 allelic family with 41.3% and R033 allelic family with 36%. In  msp2 , the 3D7 allelic family was the most frequently detected with 93.1 % compared to FC27 with 41.3%. Twenty-one different alleles were observed in  msp1  with 9 alleles for K1, 8 alleles for MAD20 and 4 alleles for R033. In  msp2 , 25 individual alleles were detected with 10 alleles for FC27 and 15 alleles for 3D7. The mean multiplicity of  falciparum  infection was 1.95 with respectively 1.8 (1.76–1.83) and 2.1 (2.03–2.16) for  msp1  and  msp2  ( P  = 0.01).    Conclusions  Our study showed high genetic diversity and allelic frequencies of  msp1  and  msp2  in  Plasmodium falciparum  isolates from symptomatic malaria patients in Bobo-Dioulasso.

parasites and vectors

Plasmodium falciparum msp1 and msp2 genetic diversity and allele frequencies in parasites isolated from symptomatic malaria patients in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso