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Background  Genetically enhanced  Metarhizium pingshaense  are being developed for malaria vector control in Burkina Faso. However, not much is known about the local prevalence and pathogenicity of this fungus, so we prospected mosquitoes and plant roots (a common habitat for  Metarhizium  spp.) for entomopathogenic fungi.    Results  Our investigations showed that  Metarhizium  spp. represented between 29–74% of fungi isolated from plant root rhizospheres in diverse collection sites. At low spore dosages (1 × 10 6  conidia/ml), two mosquito-derived  M. pingshaense  isolates (Met_S26 and Met_S10) showed greater virulence against  Anopheles coluzzii  (LT 80  of ~7 days) than isolates tested in previous studies (LT 80  of ~10 days). In addition, the local isolates did not cause disease in non-target insects (honeybees and cockroaches).    Conclusions  Our work provides promising findings for isolating local  Metarhizium  strains for application in mosquito biological control and for future transgenic biocontrol strategies in Burkina Faso.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-2796-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Native entomopathogenic Metarhizium spp. from Burkina Faso and their virulence against the malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii and non-target insects