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Background  Lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is a dominant surface molecule of  Leishmania  promastigotes. Its species-specific polymorphisms are found mainly in the sugars that branch off the conserved Gal(β1,4)Man(α1)-PO 4  backbone of repeat units.  Leishmania amazonensis  is one of the most important species causing human cutaneous leishmaniasis in the New World. Here, we describe LPG intraspecific polymorphisms in two  Le. amazonensis  reference strains and their role during the development in three sand fly species.    Results  Strains isolated from  Lutzomyia flaviscutellata  (PH8) and from a human patient (Josefa) displayed structural polymorphism in the LPG repeat units, possessing side chains with 1 and 2 β-glucose or 1 to 3 β-galactose, respectively. Both strains successfully infected permissive vectors  Lutzomyia longipalpis  and  Lutzomyia migonei  and could colonize their stomodeal valve and differentiate into metacyclic forms. Despite bearing terminal galactose residues on LPG, Josefa could not sustain infection in the restrictive vector  Phlebotomus papatasi .    Conclusions  LPG polymorphisms did not affect the ability of  Le. amazonensis  to develop late-stage infections in permissive vectors. However, the non-establishment of infection in  Ph. papatasi  by Josefa strain suggested other LPG-independent factors in this restrictive vector.

Lipophosphoglycan polymorphisms do not affect Leishmania amazonensis development in the permissive vectors Lutzomyia migonei and Lutzomyia longipalpis