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Background    Neospora caninum  is a cyst-forming, coccidian parasite which is known to cause neurological disorders in dogs and abortion and neonatal mortality in cows and other livestock. This study reports the development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay based on the  Neospora caninum Nc-5  gene and compares its efficacy for detecting DNA to that of a semi-nested PCR test.    Results  Six primers were designed based on the  Nc-5  repeat region of  N. caninum . Specific LAMP primers led to successful amplification of  N. caninum  DNA at 63 °C in 30 min. The LAMP assay was highly specific (i.e. it did not reveal cross-reactivity with other parasite species) and had a low  N. caninum  plasmid DNA limit of detection (1 fg), which is ten times higher than that for the semi-nested PCR. LAMP applicability was evaluated using a set of naturally-infected samples (59 from canine faeces and five from bovine abortions). Thirty-nine percent (25/64) of the naturally-infected samples were positive for  N. caninum  DNA by LAMP and 36% (23/64) by semi-nested PCR. However, the LAMP assay is much faster to perform than semi-nested PCR and provides results in 30 min.    Conclusion  The optimized reaction conditions described in this study resulted in a sensitive, specific and rapid technique for detecting  N. caninum  DNA. Considering the advantages of LAMP for detecting  N. caninum  DNA, further assays aimed at testing its usefulness on a wider range of field samples are recommended.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2549-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

A novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based test for detecting Neospora caninum DNA