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Background  Lake Tana is the largest lake in Ethiopia and the source of the Blue Nile. The lake harbours unique endemic cyprinid fish species, as well as the commercially important endemic Nile tilapia subspecies  Oreochromis niloticus tana  and the North African catfish  Clarias gariepinus . Its endemicity, especially within the  Labeobarbus  radiation, its conservation importance and its economic indispensability attract scientific interest to the lake’s ichthyofauna. Fish parasites of Lake Tana, however, are hitherto poorly known, and no formal report exists on its monogenean flatworms. For sustainable aquaculture and fisheries development, it is essential to study monogenean fish parasites in these economically most important fish species. Moreover, it remains to be verified whether this unique ecosystem and its endemicity gave rise to a distinct parasite fauna as well.    Results  Nile tilapia and North African catfish hosts were collected from Lake Tana in 2013. Nine species of monogenean parasites of two orders, Gyrodactylidea Bychowsky, 1937 and Dactylogyridea Bychowsky, 1937, were recovered.  Gyrodactylus gelnari  Přikrylová, Blažek & Vanhove, 2012,  Macrogyrodactylus clarii  Gussev, 1961,  Quadriacanthus aegypticus  El-Naggar & Serag ,  1986 and two undescribed  Quadriacanthus  species were recovered from  C. gariepinus. Oreochromis niloticus tana  hosted  Cichlidogyrus cirratus  Paperna, 1964,  C. halli  (Price & Kirk, 1967),  C. thurstonae  Ergens, 1981 and  Scutogyrus longicornis  (Paperna & Thurston, 1969).    Conclusions  Except for  M. clarii , all species represent new records for Ethiopia. This first study on the monogenean fauna of Lake Tana revealed that the lake’s North African catfish, as well as its endemic Nile tilapia subspecies, harbour parasites that are known from these host species elsewhere in Africa.

parasites and vectors

First report of monogenean flatworms from Lake Tana, Ethiopia: gill parasites of the commercially important Clarias gariepinus (Teleostei: Clariidae) and Oreochromis niloticus tana (Teleostei: Cichlidae)