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Background   Rickettsia  spp. are obligate intracellular bacteria and well known as transmitted by arthropods. These pathogens have a broad geographic distribution and a high degree of biological and clinical diversity. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and molecular characterization of  Rickettsia  spp. in ticks collected from Gansu, where  Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato  and  Anaplasma phagocytophilum  were previously reported in ticks and ruminants.    Methods  A total of 1,583 questing  Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis  ticks were collected and tested for the presence of  Rickettsia  spp.  gltA  gene by PCR. Samples positive for  gltA  were examined by specific primers targeted for the  ompA  gene of SFG rickettsiae. The infections were further validated by sequencing and positive samples were genetically characterized based on the  gltA  and  ompA  genes.    Results  In total,  Rickettsia  spp. infection was found in 179 (18.5 %)  H. qinghaiensis  tick pools by using PCR and primers specific for the  gltA  gene. Of those, 157 (16.3 %) tick pools were positive for SFG rickettsiae by PCR based on  ompA  gene. Amplification and molecular analysis of the nucleotide sequences of  gltA  and  ompA  genes indicated three potential novel spotted fever group rickettsiae in  H. qinghaiensis  ticks. These three potential novel spotted fever group rickettsiae were clustered together in a subgroup, which represents a sister taxon to and separates from other known four SFG rickettsiae subgroups.    Conclusions  This study revealed a high infection rate of SFG rickettsiae in  H. qinghaiensis  ticks in northwest China. Three potential novel spotted fever group rickettsiae classified into a novel SFG rickettsiae subgroup were identified and named “ Candidatus  Rickettsia gannanii” related strains in recognition of the location where it was first detected.

Novel spotted fever group rickettsiae in Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis ticks from Gansu, Northwest China