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Background   Rhipicephalus sanguineus  is the most widely distributed tick species infesting dogs worldwide, which may cause discomfort to the host and transmit diseases. Acaricides with a rapid and sustained speed of kill are thus important to prevent infestation and to reduce the risk of disease transmission. In this study, the speed of kill of a monthly administered Simparica TM (sarolaner) treatment against induced infestations with  R. sanguineus  on dogs was evaluated and compared with a single dose of Bravecto®(fluralaner) for 95 days after the initial treatment.    Methods  Twenty four dogs were randomly allocated to treatment and were treated with either placebo or sarolaner (at 2 to 4 mg/kg) on Days 0, 30 and 60 or with fluralaner (at 25 to 56 mg/kg) once on Day 0. Tick counts were performed  in situ  8 and 12 h and with removal of the ticks 24 h after treatment and subsequent re-infestations on Days 14, 28, 44, 56, 74, 90 and 95. Acaricidal efficacy was determined at each time point relative to the placebo group.    Results  Both products significantly reduced live ticks within 8 h after treatment against an existing infestation with  R. sanguineus , and killed all ticks on all dogs within 24 h. After re-infestation, sarolaner provided ≥98.5 % reduction within 24 h on all days except Days 74 and 95 ( P <  0.0001), compared to fluralaner which provided ≥95.5 % reduction until Day 44. Geometric mean live tick counts for sarolaner were significantly lower ( P ≤  0.0415) at 24 h than those for fluralaner on all days, except on Days 0, 14 and 28 ( P ≥  0.0678). There were no treatment-related adverse reactions observed during the study.    Conclusions  When dosed at monthly intervals for 3 consecutive months, Simparica TM  has a faster and more consistent speed of kill against  R. sanguineus  than a single oral dose of Bravecto® for which efficacy decreased after Day 44.

parasites and vectors

Comparative speed of kill of oral treatments with SimparicaTM(sarolaner) and Bravecto®(fluralaner) against induced infestations of Rhipicephalus sanguineus on dogs