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Background  Although chamois  Rupicapra  spp. are the most abundant mountain ungulates in Europe, no data are available on the presence of  Giardia duodenalis  infecting these species.    Methods  A total of 157 fecal samples from Alpine  Rupicapra rupicapra  rupicapra  and Apennine  Rupicapra pyrenaica  ornata  chamois were tested for the presence of  G. duodenalis  by immunofluorescence test, quantitative Real Time PCR and end-point PCR for genotype characterization.    Results   G. duodenalis  was detected in  R. r. rupicapra  and  R. p. ornata , with a percentage value of 4.45 (5.82 and 1.85 %, respectively), and a cyst burden of up to 31,800 cysts/g of feces. Assemblages A/AI and E were identified in  R. r. rupicapra  and assemblage A/AIII in  R. p. ornata .    Conclusions  The present study represents the first record of  Giardia duodenalis  in  Rupicapra  spp., suggesting that these wild bovids can play an epidemiological role in environmental contamination and transmission of both zoonotic and non-zoonotic genotypes.

Giardia duodenalis in Alpine (Rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra) and Apennine (Rupicapra pyrenaica ornata) chamois