English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Background  In the northeastern and midwestern regions of the United States  Ixodes scapularis  Say transmits the causal agents of anaplasmosis ( Anaplasma phagocytophilum ), babesiosis ( Babesia microti ), and borreliosis ( Borrelia burgdorferi  and  B. miyamotoi ). In the southeastern United States, none of those pathogens are considered endemic and two other tick-borne diseases (TBDs) (ehrlicihosis and rickettiosis) are more common. Our objective was to determine baseline presence and absence data for three non-endemic bacterial agents ( Anaplasma, Borrelia  and  Babesia ) and two commonly reported bacterial agents ( Ehrlichia,  and  Rickettsia ) in southern  I. scapularis  (n = 47) collected from 15 hunter-harvested white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ) in western Tennessee .Findings  Of the 47 ticks, 27 tested PCR positive for non-pathogenic  Rickettsia  species, two for  Ehrlichia ewingii,  one for  Ehrlichia  sp. “Panola Mountain” ,  and one for  Anaplasma phagocytophilum  variant 1 strain. None of these ticks were positive for  Babesia  or  Borrelia  (including  B. burgdorferi ).    Conclusions  Finding human pathogens in host-fed  I. scapularis  merits additional studies surveying pathogen prevalence in questing ticks. Collection of questing  I. scapularis  in their peak activity months should be undertaken to determine the overall encounter rates and relative risk of pathogenic  Ehrlichia  in southern  I. scapularis. Ehrlichia  sequences were homologous to previous human isolates, but neither  Babesia  nor  B. burgdorferi  were identified in these ticks. With the identification of pathogenic bacteria in this relatively small collection of  I. scapularis  from western Tennessee, the study of the absence of Lyme disease in the south should be refocused to evaluate the role of pathogenic  Ehrlichia  in southern  I. scapularis .

Prevalence of five tick-borne bacterial genera in adult Ixodes scapularis removed from white-tailed deer in western Tennessee