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Background  Ecto-Nucleoside Triphosphate Diphosphohydrolases (Ecto-NTPDases) are enzymes that hydrolyze tri- and/or di-phosphate nucleotides. Evidences point to their participation in  Trypanosoma cruzi  virulence and infectivity. In this work, we evaluate TcNTPDase-1 gene expression in comparison with ecto-NTPDase activity, in order to study the role of TcNTPDase-1 in parasite virulence, infectivity and adaptation to heat shock.    Findings  Comparison between distinct  T. cruzi  isolates (Y, 3663 and 4167 strains, and Dm28c, LL014 and CL-14 clones) showed that TcNTPDase-1 expression was 7.2 ± 1.5 times higher in the Dm28c than the CL-14 avirulent clone. A remarkable expression increase was also observed in the trypomastigote and amastigote forms (22.5 ± 5.6 and 16.3 ± 3.8 times higher than epimastigotes, respectively), indicating that TcNTPDase-1 is overexpressed in  T. cruzi  infective forms. Moreover, heat shock and long-term cultivation also induced a significant increment on TcNTPDase-1 expression.    Conclusions  Our results suggest that TcNTPDase-1 plays an important role on  T. cruzi  infectivity and adaptation to stress conditions, such as long-term cultivation and heat shock.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0463-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase1 (TcNTPDase-1) gene expression is increased due to heat shock and in infective forms of Trypanosoma cruzi