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Background  Raw-starch-digesting glucoamylases (RSDGs) from filamentous fungi have great commercial values in starch processing; however, the regulatory mechanisms associated with their production in filamentous fungi remain unknown.  Penicillium oxalicum  HP7-1 isolated by our laboratory secretes RSDG with suitable properties but at low production levels. Here, we screened and identified novel regulators of RSDG gene expression in  P .  oxalicum  through transcriptional profiling and genetic analyses.    Results   Penicillium oxalicum  HP7-1 transcriptomes in the presence of glucose and starch, respectively, used as the sole carbon source were comparatively analyzed, resulting in screening of 23 candidate genes regulating the expression of RSDG genes. Following deletion of 15 of the candidate genes in the parental  P .  oxalicum  strain ∆ PoxKu70 , enzymatic assays revealed five mutants exhibiting significant reduction in the production of raw-starch-digesting enzymes (RSDEs). The deleted genes ( POX01907 ,  POX03446 ,  POX06509 ,  POX07078 , and  POX09752 ), were the first report to regulate RSDE production of  P .  oxalicum . Further analysis revealed that ∆ POX01907  lost the most RSDE production (83.4%), and that  POX01907  regulated the expression of major amylase genes, including the RSDG gene  POX01356/PoxGA15A , a glucoamylase gene  POX02412 , and the α-amylase gene  POX09352/Amy13A , during the late-stage growth of  P .  oxalicum .    Conclusion  Our results revealed a novel essential regulatory gene  POX01907  encoding a transcription factor in controlling the production of RSDE, regulating the expression of an important RSDG gene  POX01356 / PoxGA15A , in  P .  oxalicum . These results provide insight into the regulatory mechanism of fungal amylolytic enzyme production.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s13068-018-1345-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Identification of an essential regulator controlling the production of raw-starch-digesting glucoamylase in Penicillium oxalicum