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Bioethanol production processes with  Saccharomyces cerevisiae  using lignocellulosic biomass as feedstock are challenged by the simultaneous utilization of pentose and hexose sugars from biomass hydrolysates. The pentose uptake into the cell represents a crucial role for the efficiency of the process. The focus of the here presented study was to understand the uptake and conversion of the pentose  l- arabinose in  S. cerevisiae  and reveal its regulation by  d -glucose and  d -galactose. Gal2p—the most prominent transporter enabling  l -arabinose uptake in  S. cerevisiae  wild-type strains—has an affinity for the transport of  l -arabinose,  d -glucose, and  d -galactose.  d -Galactose was reported for being mandatory for inducing  GAL2  expression.  GAL2  expression is also known to be regulated by  d -glucose-mediated carbon catabolite repression, as well as catabolite inactivation. The results of the present study demonstrate that  l -arabinose can be used as sole carbon and energy source by the recombinant industrial strain  S. cerevisiae  DS61180. RT-qPCR and RNA-Seq experiments confirmed that  l -arabinose can trigger its own uptake via the induction of  GAL2  expression. Expression levels of  GAL2  during growth on  l -arabinose reached up to 21% of those obtained with  d -galactose as sole carbon and energy source.  l -Arabinose-induced  GAL2  expression was also subject to catabolite repression by  d -glucose. Kinetic investigations of substrate uptake, biomass, and product formation during growth on a mixture of  d -glucose/ l -arabinose revealed impairment of growth and ethanol production from  l -arabinose upon  d -glucose depletion. The presence of  d -glucose is thus preventing the fermentation of  l -arabinose in  S. cerevisiae  DS61180. Comparative transcriptome studies including the wild-type and a precursor strain delivered hints for an increased demand in ATP production and cofactor regeneration during growth of  S. cerevisiae  DS61180 on  l -arabinose. Our results thus emphasize that cofactor and energy metabolism demand attention if the combined conversion of hexose and pentose sugars is intended, for example in biorefineries using lignocellulosics.   Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s13068-018-1231-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

l-Arabinose triggers its own uptake via induction of the arabinose-specific Gal2p transporter in an industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain