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Background  Cost-efficient saccharification is one of the main bottlenecks for industrial lignocellulose conversion.  Clostridium thermocellum  naturally degrades lignocellulose efficiently using the cellulosome, a multiprotein supermolecular complex, and thus can be potentially used as a low-cost catalyst for lignocellulose saccharification. The industrial use of  C. thermocellum  is restrained due largely to the inhibition of the hydrolysate cellobiose to its cellulosome. Although the supplementation of beta-glucosidase may solve the problem, the production of the enzymes greatly complicates the process and may also increase the cost of saccharification.    Results  To conquer the feedback inhibition and establish an efficient whole-cell catalyst for highly efficient cellulose saccharification, we constructed a recombinant strain of  C. thermocellum ∆pyrF :: Ca BglA which produced a secretory exoglucanase CelS-bearing heterologous BGL using a newly developed seamless genome editing system. Without the extra addition of enzymes, the relative saccharification level of  ∆pyrF :: Ca BglA was stimulated by over twofolds compared to its parent strain  ∆pyrF  through a two-stage saccharification process with 100 g/L Avicel as the carbon source. The production of reducing sugars and the relative saccharification level were further enhanced to 490 mM and 79.4%, respectively, with increased cell density.    Conclusions  The high cellulose-degrading ability and sugar productivity suggested that the whole-cell-catalysis strategy for cellulose saccharification is promising, and the  C. thermocellum  strain  ∆pyrF :: Ca BglA could be potentially used as an efficient whole-cell catalyst for industrial cellulose saccharification.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13068-017-0796-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Efficient whole-cell-catalyzing cellulose saccharification using engineered Clostridium thermocellum