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Background  Lignocellulosic biomass has long been recognized as a potential sustainable source of sugars for biofuels. However, many physicochemical structural and compositional factors inhibit the enzymatic digestibility of the lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, efficient pretreatment method of rice straw (RS) was developed and the RS hydrolysate was applied in the cultivation of microalgae for lipid production.    Results  Gamma ray irradiation (GRI) and alkali solution were used for the pretreatment, and saccharification was carried out with lignocellulolytic enzymes. When RS was pretreated by combined GRI and alkali method, the glucose and xylose saccharification yield after enzymatic hydrolysis increased up to 91.65 and 98.84 %, respectively. The enzymatic hydrolysate from the RS pretreated with the combined method was used to cultivate  Chlorella protothecoides  for lipid production. The maximum concentrations of biomass and fatty acid methyl ester of cells were 6.51 and 2.95 g/L, respectively. The lipid content of  C. protothecoides  from RS hydrolysate was comparable to that from glucose, and the lipid composition was similar between different carbon sources.    Conclusion  These results demonstrate that the combined pretreatment with gamma irradiation was highly effective in preparing hydrolysate, and the rice straw hydrolysate could be used as an alternative carbon source for microalgal lipid production for biofuel.

Microalgal lipid production using the hydrolysates of rice straw pretreated with gamma irradiation and alkali solution