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Background  The diacylhydrazine derivatives have attracted considerable attention in recently years due to their simple structure, low toxicity, and high insecticidal selectivity. As well as 3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1 H -pyrazole is an important scaffold in many insecticidal molecules. In an effort to discover new molecules with good insecticidal activity, a series of diacylhydrazine derivatives containing a 3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1 H -pyrazole scaffold was synthesized and bio-assayed.    Results  Bioassays demonstrated that some of the title compounds exhibited favorable insecticidal activities against  Helicoverpa armigera  and  Plutella xylostella . The insecticidal activity of compounds  10g ,  10h , and  10w  against  H. armigera  were 70.8, 87.5, and 79.2%, respectively. Compounds  10c ,  10e ,  10g ,  10h ,  10i ,  10j  and  10w  showed good larvicidal activity against  P. xylostella . In particular, the LC 50  values of compounds  10g ,  10h , and  10w  were 27.49, 23.67, and 28.90 mg L −1 , respectively.    Conclusions  A series of diacylhydrazine derivatives containing a 3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1 H -pyrazole scaffold was synthesized and bio-assayed. The results of insecticidal tests revealed that the synthesized diacylhydrazine derivatives possessed weak to good insecticidal activities against  H. armigera  and  P. xylostella . Compounds  10g ,  10h , and  10x  showed much higher insecticidal activity than tebufenozide, and exhibited considerable prospects for further optimization. Primary structure–activity relationship revealed that phenyl, 4-fluoro phenyl and four fluorophenyl showed positive influence on their insecticidal activities, and introduction of a heterocyclic ring (pyridine and pyrazole) showed negative impacts on their insecticidal effects.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13065-017-0279-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Synthesis and insecticidal activity of diacylhydrazine derivatives containing a 3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole scaffold