English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

When measured using the computer-assisted method CUMULUS, mammographic density adjusted for age and body mass index predicts breast cancer risk. We asked if new mammographic density measures defined by higher brightness thresholds gave better risk predictions.    Methods  The Korean Breast Cancer Study included 213 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and 630 controls matched for age at full-field digital mammogram and menopausal status. Mammographic density was measured using CUMULUS at the conventional threshold ( Cumulus ), and in effect at two increasingly higher thresholds, which we call  Altocumulus  and  Cirrocumulus , respectively. All measures were Box-Cox transformed and adjusted for age, body mass index, menopausal status and machine. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate the change in Odds PER standard deviation of transformed and Adjusted density measures (OPERA). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was estimated.    Results  Corresponding  Altocumulus  and  Cirrocumulus  density measures were correlated with  Cumulus  measures (r approximately 0.8 and 0.6, respectively).  Altocumulus  and  Cirrocumulus  measures were on average 25 % and 80 % less, respectively, than the  Cumulus  measure. For dense area, the OPERA was 1.18 (95 % confidence interval: 1.01−1.39,  P  = 0.03) for  Cumulus ; 1.36 (1.15−1.62,  P  < 0.001) for  Altocumulus ; and 1.23 (1.04−1.45,  P  = 0.01) for  Cirrocumulus . After fitting the  Altocumulus  measure, the  Cumulus  measure was no longer associated with risk. After fitting the  Cumulus  measure, the  Altocumulus  measure was still associated with risk ( P  = 0.001). The AUCs for dense area was 0.59 for the  Altocumulus  measure, greater than 0.55 and 0.57 for the  Cumulus  and  Cirrocumulus  measures, respectively ( P  = 0.001). Similar results were found for percentage dense area measures.    Conclusions   Altocumulus  measures perform better than  Cumulus  measures in predicting breast cancer risk, and  Cumulus  measures are confounded by  Altocumulus  measures. The mammographically bright regions might be more aetiologically important for breast cancer, with implications for biological, molecular, genetic and epidemiological research and clinical translation.

Mammographic density defined by higher than conventional brightness threshold better predicts breast cancer risk for full-field digital mammograms