English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Chlorhexidine (CHX) oral application has been widely used for preventing respiratory infections among critically ill patients, despite controversial effectiveness and the suspicion that it could enhance their mortality [1–3]. The physiopathology behind this association is poorly understood [2, 3]. Our objective was to reassess data from a clinical trial searching for potential pathways for the CHXassociated mortality [4, 5]. This is a post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial evaluating a dental care intervention aimed to prevent respiratory infections in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. Adult patients admitted to the study ICU between January 1, 2011, and August 8, 2013, were eligible if they had a perspective of staying for 2 days. Participants were randomized by the dentist using a dice. The experimental group received dental care provided by a dentist plus routine oral care, while the control group had access only to routine oral care provided by the nursing staff. Both groups used 0.12% CHX oral solution, if fully conscious, or 2% CHX oral gel, if unconscious, three times a day throughout their ICU stay. Adverse events potentially related to oral care procedures were pragmatically assessed at least three times a week in both study groups by the dentist during ICU stay. Their relationship with death in the ICU was evaluated through a logistic regression model, adjusting the outcome for sex, age, and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation System II (APACHE II) score. Sample size was calculated based on the primary study outcome and the lower respiratory tract infection incidence and pointed to the inclusion of 294 patients. Study “per protocol” population consisted of 254 patients and 9.84% (25/254) of them had adverse events related to oral care procedures, being the most common CHX-induced mucositis (7.09%, 18/ 254), consisting of oral erosive or ulcerative lesions, along with white plaque formation [6]. Only one patient had previous lesions before exposure to CHX. This adverse event was exclusively reported in patients exposed to 2% CHX oral gel (9.28%, 18/194, p = 0.006) and was found to be associated with a fatal outcome in both univariate and multivariate analysis, as shown in Table 1. Most of the patients who died had infection and sepsis as their direct cause of death (56/77, 72.7%). Table 2 describes the occurrence of CHX-induced mucositis and its association with direct causes of death and temporal outcomes reported during ICU stay.

Oral mucositis as a pathway for fatal outcome among critically ill patients exposed to chlorhexidine: post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial