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Background  Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), also known as 22q13.3 deletion syndrome, is a rare neurodevelopmental syndrome resulting from a deletion of the distal long arm of chromosome 22.    Case presentation  We report a case of a 21 months old Chinese girl presenting with global developmental delay, regression of language skills, unable to understand a few words or walk independently, insomnia, and autism-like behaviors. Copy number variation (CNV) analysis showed a heterozygous loss of SHANK3 gene in the 22q13 region, consistent with a diagnosis of PMS. After treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), this patient had an improvement in motor skills and social behaviors. No side effects from rhGH therapy were reported.    Conclusions  This is the first report of using rhGH to treat a Chinese girl diagnosed with PMS. We speculate rhGH could be a reasonable alternative choice for PMS treatment with similar clinical outcomes in comparison to insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1). However, further clinical trials are needed to confirm this hypothesis.    Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13052-021-01003-w.

A case report of Phelan-McDermid syndrome: preliminary results of the treatment with growth hormone therapy