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Background  Deregulation of CDK4/6, cyclin D/P16 and retinoblastoma (Rb) are known aberrations in certain malignancies. There has been a recent interest in exploring the combination of letrozole and CDK4/6 inhibitors in recurrent ER+ ovarian cancers.    Methods  This study aimed to determine the frequency of expression of Rb1, P16 and ER in ovarian epithelial tumors by immunohistochemistry.    Results  Co-expression of all 3 markers studied was seen in 10 % of high grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) and low grade serous carcinoma (LGSC). Coordinate expression of Rb1+ and ER+ in HGSC and LGSC was seen in 67 % of grade 1/2 vs. 44 % of grade three tumors (p < 0.05). The reverse was true with positive P16 staining in 73 % of grade three vs. 32 % of grade 1/2 tumors (p < 0.001).    Conclusions  Coordinate pattern of Rb1+ and ER+ in HGSC and LGSC is 19 and 50 %, respectively. Rb1 and P16 show inverse expression pattern according to tumor grade with more frequent Rb1 in low grade vs. more frequent P16 in grade 3 tumors. These data provide a rational basis for clinical trials that aim to target these proteins.

journal of ovarian research

Comparative analysis of Rb1, P16 and ER as diagnostic, prognostic and potential targets for therapeutic agents in ovarian epithelial tumors: an immunohistochemical study of 130 ovarian carcinomas