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Background  Ovarian carcinoma is one of the most common gynecological cancers with high mortality rates. Numerous evidences demonstrate that cancer cells undergo metabolic abnormality during tumorigenesis in tumor microenvironment and further facilitate tumor progression. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH or Complex II) is one of the important enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Succinate dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB) gene, which encodes one of the four subunits of SDH, has been recognized as a tumor suppressor. However the role of SDHB in ovarian cancer is still unclear.    Methods  Using the  SDHB  specific siRNA and overexpression plasmid, the expression of SDHB was silenced and conversely induced in ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and A2780, respectively. The possible role of SDHB in ovarian cancer was investigated  in vitro , using proliferation, migration and invasion assays. To explore the mechanism, proliferation and migration related proteins such as Bcl-2, cleaved caspase 3, p-ERK, MMP-2, and p-FAK were examined by western blot. P-P38, p-AMPKα, and HIF-1α were also examined by western blot. CoCl2 was used to induce HIF-1α expression in SKOV3 and A2780 cells.    Results   SDHB  silencing promoted cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, but inhibited apoptosis of SKOV3 and A2780 cells. In contrast, overexpression of SDHB inhibited cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and promoted apoptosis in SKOV3 cells. It was observed that up-regulation of Bcl-2 and MMP-2, activation of p-P38, p-ERK, and p-FAK, inhibition of cleaved caspase 3 in  SDHB -silenced cells. Meanwhile, decreased Bcl-2 and MMP-2, inhibition of p-P38, p-ERK, and p-FAK, activation of cleaved caspase 3 were shown in  SDHB -overexpressed SKOV3 cells. HIF-1α, an essential factor in tumor progression, was up-regulated in  SDHB -silenced cells with the activation of p-AMPKα and down-regulated in  SDHB -overexpressed cancer cells with the decreased p-AMPKα. And SDHB was proved to be decreased due to upregulation of HIF-1α expression in CoCl2-treated cancer cells.    Conclusions  Our results firstly revealed that SDHB played a key role in cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis of human ovarian carcinoma  via  AMPK-HIF-1α pathway.  SDHB -overexpression might be a new approach to inhibit tumor progression in human ovarian carcinoma.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13048-014-0115-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Succinate dehydrogenase subunit B inhibits the AMPK-HIF-1α pathway in human ovarian cancer in vitro