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Background  Damage-regulated autophagy modulator 2 (DRAM2 ) is associated with autophagy processes. However, the role of  DRAM2  in the progression of human neoplasms is still unknown. Here, we show that  DRAM2  may act as an oncogenic regulator in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).    Methods  Tumor specimens from 259 NSCLC patients were collected and analyzed. Transwell migration, cell cycle analysis, MTT and colony formation assays were performed to determine the effect of  DRAM2  overexpression and knockdown on NSCLC-cell migration and proliferation. Western blotting confirmed the expression of DRAM2, p53, and the other involved proteins.    Results   DRAM2  was preferentially upregulated in NSCLC tissues and higher expression of  DRAM2  in NSCLC correlated with tumor node metastases stage and lymph node metastasis. Additionally,  DRAM2  overexpression promoted cell metastasis and proliferation in vitro, while knockdown of  DRAM2  expression yielded opposite result. Furthermore,  DRAM2  overexpression increased the expression of proteins RAC1, RHOA, RHOC, ROCK1, and decreased RHOB expression, all of which are cell migration factors.  DRAM2  overexpression also increased proteins CDK4, CyclinD3, and decreased p27 expression, all of which are cell cycle-related factors. Consistently knocked down  DRAM2  had the opposite effect. We also found that  DRAM2  expression was negatively correlated to p53 expression. Knockdown of  DRAM2  caused an increase of p53 and p21 expression, and overexpression of p53 caused a decrease of DRAM2 expression. Finally, absence of p53 did not influence the function of  DRAM2  in NSCLC, but overexpression of p53 repressed its function.    Conclusions   DRAM2  plays an oncogenic role in NSCLC via regulating p53 expression. Therefore,  DRAM2  may act as an oncogene in NSCLC and could serve as a prognostic factor and potential target for NSCLC treatment.

DRAM2 acts as an oncogene in non-small cell lung cancer and suppresses the expression of p53