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Background  The oral proteasome inhibitor ixazomib is under phase 3 clinical investigation in multiple myeloma (MM) in combination with lenalidomide–dexamethasone. This study was conducted to investigate the pharmacokinetic and safety profiles of ixazomib, administered with lenalidomide–dexamethasone, in East Asian patients with relapsed/refractory MM.    Methods  Adult patients with measurable disease who had received 1–3 prior lines of therapy received oral ixazomib on days 1, 8, and 15, lenalidomide (25 mg) on days 1–21, and dexamethasone (40 mg) on days 1, 8, 15, and 22, in 28-day cycles. Primary objectives were to characterize ixazomib plasma pharmacokinetics, determine the recommended phase 2/3 dose, and evaluate safety and tolerability.    Results  Forty-three patients were enrolled. No dose-limiting toxicities were reported for the first six patients receiving ixazomib (4.0 mg), confirming this as the recommended phase 2/3 dose. Ixazomib was rapidly absorbed with a median  T  max  of 1.5 h on day 1 and 2.0 h on day 15 of cycle 1 and had a geometric mean terminal half-life of 6.1 days. Twenty-one (49 %) patients had at least one drug-related grade ≥3 adverse event (AE); the most common were neutropenia (19 %), diarrhea (14 %), and thrombocytopenia (12 %). Twenty-eight of 43 (65 %) response-evaluable patients had at least a partial response. The recommended phase 2/3 dose for ixazomib was determined to be 4.0 mg.    Conclusions  The all-oral combination of ixazomib plus lenalidomide–dexamethasone appeared active and well tolerated at 4.0 mg. Consequently, East Asian patients enrolled in phase 3 studies are receiving the same ixazomib dose as patients in other regions.    Trial registration  This study is registered at  NCT01645930 .    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-015-0198-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Pharmacokinetics and safety of ixazomib plus lenalidomide–dexamethasone in Asian patients with relapsed/refractory myeloma: a phase 1 study