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Background  Surgical site infection (SSI) is recognized as an important quality indicator for patient safety. In Korea, the use of prophylactic antibiotics for surgery is conducted as a national quality measures related to SSI prevention. The objective of the present study was to investigate physicians’ perceptions of hospital quality measures for SSI as well as identify obstacles that might hinder its implementation in South Korea.    Method  Online-based questionnaires were administered twice. Twenty physician experts who were members of the Healthcare Review and Assessment Committee that was constituted for the “Assessment of prophylactic use of antibiotics for surgery” participated in the study. The first survey comprised open-ended questions that were designed to elicit the physician who could hinder the implementation of SSI indicators. The second survey, which was developed on the basis of the initial survey’s results, consisted of 10 closed-ended questions about the feasibility of objective perception and the need for subjectivity, with regard to SSI.    Results  From among the 20 physicians, we collected data from 16 respondents in the first survey (response rate of 80%) and 15 respondents in the second survey (response rate of 75%).Thirty-one percent of the respondents supported hospital SSI evaluations, and 69% expressed objections. The obstacles that were perceived as being able to hinder hospital SSI evaluations pertained to difficulties in collecting data, unavailability of information, possibility of underreporting, and redundancy of the inquiry undertaken by the Korean National Healthcare-associated Infections Surveillance System-SSI. Physician experts provide significantly higher ratings for the clinical indicator, rate of readmission due to SSI, both in terms of feasibility and need, when evaluating the results of SSI prevention in hospitals.    Conclusion  The results of this study show that physicians perceive the need for QI development of hospital SSI measurements to prevent nation-wide SSIs in Korea. However, the feasibility of hospital SSI measurements is low. To develop QIs of hospital SSIs using health insurance claims data, it is necessary to develop a methodology for claims data-based surveillance systems and a data collection system in order to increase the sensitivity and validity of post-operative SSI detection.

National hospital quality measures for surgical site infections in South Korea: a survey among 20 expert physicians