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Background  Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), triggered by ultraviolet radiation (UVR), is associated with carcinogenesis of the skin. UV irradiation induced superoxide anion (O2 •− ) is the key ROS involved in the cellular damage. The cytoprotective efficacy of an unknown anti-oxidant compound can be evaluated by analyzing the production of O2 •−  from treated cells.    Methods  In this study, a glass carbon electrode functionalized with nanotube@DNA-Mn3(PO4)2 composite was applied to quantitative determination of generation of highly unstable O2 •−  from the melanoma A375 cell line following UVR(UV, UVA and UVB). In addition, the cytoprotective efficacy of anti-oxidant α-tocopherol was evaluated by quantifying the production of O2 •− .    Results  The results showed that, UVR triggers generation of O2 •−  in melanoma A375 cells, and α-tocopherol is effective in diminishing the production of O2 •−  following UV irradiation. By comparing the conventional cell-survival assays results, we found that our simple and quick electrochemical sensing method can quantify O2 •−  generation through the biological activity of an anti-oxidant compound (α-tocopherol).    Conclusion  Our label-free electrochemical quantification method for ROS (O2 •−  major) in cells facing UVR stress demonstrates its potential application for high-throughput screening of anti-oxidation compounds.

Label-free electrochemical sensor to investigate the effect of tocopherol on generation of superoxide ions following UV irradiation