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Background   Escherichia coli  O157:H7 is one of the major foodborne bacterial pathogens and also a biodefense agent. To ensure food safety and public health, it is very important to develop rapid methods for  E. coli  O157:H7 detection. In this study, we designed a nanoparticle-labeled biosensor for the rapid detection of  E. coli  O157:H7 in broth.    Results  Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were conjugated with monoclonal antibodies (Abs) to separate target  E. coli  O157:H7 cells from broth samples .  Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were conjugated with polyclonal Abs, and were then introduced to the MNP-target complex to form a sandwich MNP-target-AuNP. By measuring the amount of AuNPs through an electrochemical method, the presence and the amount of the target bacteria were determined. Results showed a sensitivity of 10 1  colony forming units per milliliter (cfu/ml) with a linear range of 10 1 –10 6  cfu/ml.    Conclusions  Compared to conventional culture plating methods, the biosensor reduced the detection time from 2 to 4 days to less than 1 hour with a simple target extraction method. The AuNP-labeled biosensor has potential applications in the rapid detection of infectious agents for public health, biodefense, and food/water safety.

Gold nanoparticle-labeled biosensor for rapid and sensitive detection of bacterial pathogens