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Background  Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing  Escherichia coli  are increasingly reported in dogs. The objective of this study was to provide data on the prevalence of ESBL-producing  E. coli  in dog faecal deposits in public gardens.    Results  A total of 209 faecal deposits collected in nine public gardens in Copenhagen, Denmark were screened by selective enrichment followed by plating on MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime. Presumptive ESBL-producing  E. coli  were confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of common cefotaxime resistance determinants ( bla  TEM ,  bla  SHV ,  bla  CTX-M  and  bla  CMY-2 ). ESBL-producers were further characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broth microdilution. Plasmids harbouring ESBL genes were characterized by S1 nuclease pulsed field gel electrophoresis, PCR-based replicon typing, and pMLST. Cefotaxime-resistant  E. coli  were detected in four (1.9 %) samples. Three samples harboured CTX-M-1-producing isolates, and one sample contained two CTX-M-15-producing isolates displaying distinct colony morphology. All isolates belonged to distinct sequence types (STs), including one  E. coli  lineage previously associated to a human-specific pathotype (ST59).  bla  CTX-M-1  was carried on IncI1 plasmids classified as ST3 or ST58 by pMLST, whereas  bla  CTX-M-15  was located on IncF/Y and non-typeable plasmids in the two strains isolated from the same sample.    Conclusions  The study shows that dog faeces are a vector for dissemination of CTX-M-producing  E. coli  within urban areas. The risk derived from human exposure to dog faeces in public gardens depends on the prevalence of these bacteria in the local dog population as well as on the owners’ practice to remove and dispose their dog’s faeces.

CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli in dog faeces from public gardens