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Background   Streptococcus dysgalactiae  and  Streptococcus uberis  are common causes of clinical mastitis (CM) in dairy cows. In the present study genotype variation of  S. dysgalactiae  and  S. uberis  was investigated, as well as the influence of bacterial species, or genotype within species, on the outcome of veterinary-treated CM (VTCM). Isolates of  S. dysgalactiae  (n = 132) and  S. uberis  (n = 97) were genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Identical banding patterns were called pulsotypes. Outcome measurements used were cow composite SCC, milk yield, additional registered VTCMs and culling rate during a four-month follow-up period.    Results  In total, 71  S. dysgalactiae  pulsotypes were identified. Nineteen of the pulsotypes were isolated from more than one herd; the remaining pulsotypes were only found once each in the material. All  S. uberis  isolates were of different pulsotypes. During the follow-up period, the SCC of  S. dysgalactiae -cows was significantly lower than the SCC of  S. uberis -cows ( P  <0.05). Median SCC of  S. dysgalactiae -cows was 71 500 cells/ml and of  S. uberis -cows 108 000 cells/ml. No other differences in outcome parameters could be identified between species or genotypes.    Conclusions  Identical  S. dysgalactiae  genotypes were isolated from more than one herd, suggesting some spread of this pathogen between Swedish dairy herds. The genetic variation among  S. uberis  isolates was substantial, and we found no evidence of spread of this pathogen between herds. The milk SCC was lower during the follow-up period if  S. dysgalactiae  rather than  S. uberis  was isolated from the case, indicating differences in treatment response between bacterial species.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13028-014-0080-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Prevalence of bacterial genotypes and outcome of bovine clinical mastitis due to Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus uberis