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Background  This article evaluates a single institute’s radiotherapy management of OSSN, a previously regarded as rare malignancy, for possible future development of strategies to clearly define the role of adjuvant radiotherapy in improving treatment outcomes.    Materials and methods  A retrospective review of 153 patients treated from January 2003 to December 2009.    Results  There was no difference in OSSN prevalence by gender (male to female ratio 1.07). Of 80/153 patients tested 79 (98.8 %) were HIV positive. Most patients (62.9 %) had prior orbital exenteration. Moderately and poorly differentiated grade (82.3 %) was associated with significantly higher stage and incidence of positive regional lymph nodes. External beam therapy dose mostly used was 60Gy in 30 fractions at 200 cGy per fraction in 5 fractions per week (34.8 %).  90 Strontium therapy was given to 13.5 % (60Gy in 6 fractions at 10Gy per fraction weekly). Favourable response (complete and partial) was seen in about 80 % of patients associated with higher total doses. Regional lymph node positivity was associated with poorer outcome.    Conclusion  Adjuvant radiotherapy could have an important role in the management of patients presenting with locally advanced OSSN who are mostly HIV positive in developing countries. Prospective studies to evaluate the role of radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy in the management of OSSN in these settings are warranted.

Evaluation of the radiotherapy management of ocular surface squamous neoplasia in a high HIV prevalence setting- a retrospective review