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Background  We have previously reported our outcome after extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation as bridge-to-lung transplantation, which initially was considered controversial, but over time have gained acceptance and now is performed in most high-volume institutions.    Case presentation  We now report two “extreme” extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) bridge-to-lung transplantation cases, on ECMO > 200 days prior to lung transplantation. One patient survived long-term and the other one did not, and clinical cause and morbidity is outlined in this case-report.    Conclusion  We believe these two cases highlight the medical, ethical and resource allocation difficulties involved with saving patients in very dire circumstances. We have shown that a patient can survive extremely long duration of ECMO bridge to lung transplantation, but selection remains crucial to achieve a reasonable cost-benefit.

Extended use of extra corporeal membrane oxygenation as bridge to lung transplantation in two patients